Linguistically, the tribes may be divided into three main groups: the The indigenous population was not given citizenship until 1904, and were not granted the right to vote until 1946. Before coming to the coast they probably inhabited the savanna region roughly 150 kilometres inland. Liberia has a 560-kilometre coastline and mountains in the north and east. [8][9] The Sande society champions women's social and political interests and promotes their solidarity vis-a-vis the Poro society, a complementary secret society for men. Stone, Ruth M. (1982). UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it necessarily endorse, its content. The Kru especially took up trade with European merchants beginning in the 15th century, initially in minerals and spices, and later with slaves from the interior. The Kru make up around 6% of the population and include several smaller ethnic groups. As casualties mounted in Monrovia, the United Nations, US, UK, African Union and ECOWAS brokered a deal with Taylor. The Kpelle people (also known as the Guerze, Kpwesi, Kpessi, Sprd, Mpessi, Berlu, Gbelle, Bere, Gizima, or Buni) are the largest ethnic group in Liberia. It would seem that the problem is particularly acute among African art experts. Radio, newspapers and online news articles are the main form of mass communication in Liberia in recent years, surpassing TV stations as the most accessible forms of media to Liberians. Grebo live along the coast in Eastern Liberia, on both sides of the Cavall River, which serves as a border between Liberia and Cte d'Ivoire. Liberia is the only nation in sub-Saharan Africa that was never a European colony. Liberia is a country found in the western part of Africa, and it shares its borders with Ivory Coast, Guinea, and Sierra Leon. Life expectancy, about 57 years for males and 60 years for females, is similar to that of neighbouring countries and is among the lowest in the world. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, Tuttle, Kate "Liberia" in K.A. Next to drums, beaded gourd rattles called Saasaa are also used in mainstream music by many Liberian singers, musicians, and ensembles across the country. The demographics of Liberia derive from Liberia's history as a place set up in 1821 as a colony for free slaves from the United States. I want to find out some thing from Liberia Historians as to weather there was any Ethnic group (s) in Liberia before and during the writing of Liberia history that the Name is not indicated in our History? By the 18th century, Kru sailors were a common sight on European ships engaged in the slave trade. Liberia: "Our Best Years are Ahead of Us," says Cummings Basically, from slavery. [10] Customary law allows men to have up to 4 wives. Under Doe, the AFL detained and executed rival Grebo, Gio and Mano soldiers and civilians. In 1999 a new rebel force, Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD), invaded Liberia from Guinea. There are more than 2,000 villages, the majority of which are concentrated in central Liberia, in the northwest, and in the coastal region near Monrovia. for this article. Tel: +231-390-400, Liberia Watch for Human Rights This work is a general introduction to Liberia. Liberia served as a strategic base for the United States during the Cold War, but hundreds of millions of dollars in American financial support rewarded the loyalty of elites and brought scant benefit to the average Liberian. What are the 16 tribes of Liberia? that Congress may bring a community or body of people within range . (16, 17, 40, 95, 185). The Sande and Poro societies, which have lived in the region for centuries, are trusted custodians of culture in much of Liberia. The southeastern Kru linguistic group comprises Kru, Bassa, Grebo, Krahn and Dei. Than lately in the 1980 President SAMUEL DOE desided to make the mandingo citizen of Liberia. Linguistically, the tribes may be divided into three main groups: the Mande people in the north and far west, the Kru tribes (including the Krahn) in the east and southeast, and the Mel in the northwest. For most ethnic groups, figures are taken from Ethnologue numbers stemming from various years: Kpelle (1991), Bassa (1991), Gio (1993), Kru (1991), Grebo (1991 for two sub-groups, 1999 for two others, and 2000 for a fifth), Mano (1995), Loma (1991), Krahn (1991) Gola (1991), Mandingo (1991), Kissi (1995), Vai (1991), Gbandi (2001), Mende (1991), Kuwaa (1991), Dei (1991).]. "[17], Liberian cuisine has rice as its staple. Culture Crossing: A community built guide to cross-cultural etiquette and understanding. However many linguists hold that Bassa and Vai alphabets are unique in their own right for being African languages with alphabets alongside Ge'ez, N'ko, and Tifinagh (used to write Berber languages) that are neither influenced by Latin or Western writing system. That's cool, but freedom from what? Uncategorized Kpelle, Bassa, Dan (Gio), Ma (Mano), Klao (Kru), Mandingo, Krahn, Gola, Gbandi, Loma, Kissi, Vai, Bella (Kuwaa), and Dei (Dey) are the 16 tribes. Doe was a Krahn - the first non-Americo-Liberian leader - and the change in regime was at first widely greeted with enthusiasm. Please,Idid not want all these I only wanted all of Liberia's ethnic groups. 6 Councilman, Wala Blegay Wala Blegay a U.S. Democrat of Liberian-Nigerian heritage has been elected to represent Prince George's County in the American State of Maryland. The current population is 3,042,004. These communities traded with the Mali and other kingdoms to their north. Jazz, funk, soul, rap and a new music style or Liberian rap called Hipco combining rap, R&B, traditional rhymes, and joint Liberian and American influences are part of the wider Music of Liberia. [6] "Both elite and non-elite Liberians usually attribute events to the activities of secret powers and forces". Few members are found in Sinoe and River Gee Counties. - Mythology, Overview, Emperor Henry IV of the Holy Roman Empire, King Henry IV of France: Biography & History, Calling of Saint Matthew by Caravaggio: Analysis, Allegory of the Outbreak of War by Peter Paul Rubens, Altdorfer's The Battle of Alexander at Issus: Subject & Style, Lucas Cranach the Elder: Biography & Paintings, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. If you know him, kindly ask him to email me his photo. Looking for someone from Liberia that would like to speak at a book club discussing their country. Beginning in 1820, the first freed slaves arrived in West Africa and eventually established the settlement of Monrovia, named after US President James Monroe. I am a Liberian, my parents from Lofa County in Liberia. The Kpelle people (also known as Guerze, Kpwesi, Kpessi, Sprd, Mpessi, Berlu, Gbelle, Bere, Gizima, and Buni) are Liberias largest ethnic group. How do you compare the fanti tribe of Ghana to the Mandingo?I think you should go back read and research more. Its capital city is Sanniquellie and its most populous city is Ganta.With the county's area measuring 11,551 square kilometres (4,460 sq mi), Nimba is the largest of Liberia's 15 counties. While the settlers along the coast developed an elaborate lifestyle reminiscent of the ante-bellum Southern USA, the original population endured poverty and neglect in the hinterland, and repression and corruption were built into the style of government. km. [13], The most widely read newspapers include the Liberia Herald, The Analyst, Liberian Observer, The News, The Heritage, and The Inquirer, among others. I feel like its a lifeline. The noun for a person from Liberia is Liberian (s). A failed coup led by a Gio, Thomas Quiwonkpa, in 1985 resulted in Doe's enhanced targeting of Gio and Mano peoples in northern Nimba County. Liberia is the only Black state in Africa never subjected to colonial rule and is Africa's oldest republic. I am a student from the United Methodist university and i want to know more about the diverse ethnic groups of Liberia and settlers plus their contribution. PDF Rhode Island College Estimates of unemployment and illiteracy range from 75 to 85 percent. Ethnic Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. By the 1950s they owned a majority of transportation businesses and worked in commerce. R. I am a student at the Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution, Cuttington University, Suakoko, Bong County/Liberia, reading Peace and Development Studies with special emphasis in Economics. 16 tribes of Liberia The 16 tribes are: Kpelle, Bassa, Dan (Gio), Manop, Kru, Grebo, Mandingo, Krahn, Gola, Gbandi, Loma, Kissi, Vai, Belleh (Kuwaa), and Dei (Dey). The result has been the segmentation of Liberian society into two coexisting subsystemstraditional-rural and modern-urban. In 1847 the colonies united, and Liberia became the first independent nation in black Africa. Animals such as the endemic pygmy hippo, forest elephant, African civet, chimpanzee, and pangolin also reside there. This hastened his undoing, as the country began to experience more frequent labour disputes and political unrest. Nimba County is a county in northeastern Liberia that shares borders with the Republic of Cte d'Ivoire in the East and the Republic of Guinea in the Northwest. The Republic of Liberia is divided into fifteen counties. In 2007 former chairman Gyude Bryant was indicted on corruption charges. The Mano also live in Guinea. The number of tribes in Liberia is also listed on the Liberian Past and Present website (http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/index.html). The colonizers looked down on tribal peoples, discriminated against them in hiring and education, and attempted to replace their indigenous beliefs with Protestant Christianity. The Kpelle people are mainly farmers, and they cultivate rice, which is one of their staple foods. Many authors have presented their pose in all poetic styles. Gyude Bryant's transitional government consisted of the Taylor, LURD and MODEL warlord factions, as well as representatives of civil society. Kwa-speaking peoples include the Bassa, the largest group in this category and the largest ethnic group in Monrovia; the Kru and Grebo, who were among the earliest converts to Christianity; the De; Belleh (Belle); and Krahn. Retrieved from: www.culturecrossing.net . Both languages are noted for their unique alphabets and phonetics that are not based on the Latin alphabet, or any European language but emerged from visions of each language's inventor. The 16 tribes make up about 95% of the population; the Americo-Liberians are 2.5% (descendants of the Settlers from the U.S. and the remaining percentage consists of the Congo People, those from the Caribbean and other African countries. [citation needed]. (Nelson) See the Map of Liberia with Monrovia. The largest single Liberian group, the Kpelle, also live in Guinea, where they are known as the Guerze. Liberia . 190 lessons. The Mandingo population immigrated into Liberia from Guinea over the past 200-300 years and is widely scattered throughout Liberia, albeit concentrated in upper Lofa County. Kpelle are predominantly rice farmers, though many have migrated into the capital and other cities. Total population est of 3.2 million is taken from the 2007 CIA World Factbook, as is the estimate for English speakers and total for Americo-Liberians/Congo People. In this lesson, we'll look at that history and see how it has impacted their ideas about ethnicity. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Tel: +231-22-18-67/22-44-63, Foundation for Human Rights and Democracy (FOHRD) The Mand-Fu includes the Kpelle, Dan, Ma, Loma, Gbandi and Mende. Despite widespread corruption, Liberias political process was very stable until the end of the First Republic in 1980, when it was founded in 1847. The largest number of Christians are Kpelle, followed by the Bassa. Further they were viewed as outsiders by both the Americo-Liberian government and other groups, as a group whose main ties lay in Guinea. The US declined to act on the ACS requests to make Liberia an American colony or establish a formal protectorate, but it did have a moral protectorate over the country, intervening when European powers threatened Liberias territory or sovereignty. The Republic of Liberia is located on the Atlantic Coast of West Africa and is bordered by Sierra Leone, Guinea and Cte d'Ivoire. Population As of 2006, Liberia has the highest population growth rate in the world (4.91%). What are the 16 tribes of Liberia? - TipsFolder.com For the next century, these Americo-Liberians and their descendants would dominate Liberian politics, often at the exclusion of Liberia's other ethnic populations, and there are quite a few. It is intended for members of the general public. Members of the National Traditional Council of Liberia addressed their communities in the 16 counties of the country. Sorry,i hope i didn't offend anybody.I want for some historian to give me a comprehensive report about my country issue.If you do have the answer you can write me on facebook @nyumahe@yahoo.com. Others include the Gio ethnic group, the Lorma ethnic group, the Gbandi ethnic group, the Sapo ethnic group, and other Liberians as well as other non-African communities. Monrovia, founded in 1822, is the focal point of political, economic, and cultural activities. Heavy stews with habanero and scotch bonnet chilli are popular, and theyre served with fufu. And because of that they started haveing intermarries with mainly the Loma, Kpelle, and other ethnic group. Rivercess county has a surface area of 5,594 square kilometers, and a population of 65,862 according to 2008 data. Soldiers of the Armed Force of Liberia (AFL), with new majority Krahn leadership, proved a law unto themselves, and there were persistent reports of looting, arson, floggings, arbitrary arrests, rape, summary executions and brutality. Islamic nasheeds popular in many countries with Muslim communities are almost unheard of in Liberia. Liberia - People There are also a sizeable number of Lebanese, Indians, and other West African nationals who make up a significant part of Liberia's business community. They urged people to take all possible measures to protect themselves from, and encouraged them to welcome the health workers helping in the response. E-mail: [emailprotected], [emailprotected], West Africa Network for Peacebuilding (WANEP) (Ghana) Later that year, ULIMO crossed the border from Sierra Leone into Liberia and fought intensely against Taylor's NPFL troops in Liberia's Lofa County. [1] Among the most widely studied Liberian languages in schools and universities are Kpelle and Bassa languages and to a lesser extent, Vai. What are the 16 tribe of Liberia? - Promisekit.org Liberia's political system is closely modeled on that of the United States. Kissi live in a belt of hills covered by wooded savannas where Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia meet, and are surrounded by Mandingo groups. Rice, yams, peanuts, cotton, bananas, melons, and taro are subsistence crops; coffee and kola nuts are grown for external trade. 'A sociolinguistic survey of the Grebo language area of Liberia. They did not assimilate but instead succeeded in assimilating Dei and Vai people into their society. More than two dozen languages are spoken in Liberia. Numerous Liberian authors throughout the years have contributed to the writings of various genres. the Mandingo, who are itinerant Muslim traders, and the Fanti fishermen, Office of National Planning, 1962 Population Census of Liberia: Central Province, 1962 Population Census of Liberia: Eastern Province, Les populations Yacoubas, Touras, Ouobs dans la subdivision de Man, Africa: Its Peoples and Their Culture History, Geschichte der Mission der Evangelischen Bruder auf den Caraibischen Inseln S. Thomas, S. Croix und S. Jan, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Les Langues Mand-Sud du Groupe Mana-Busa, Problmes Fonciers dans les Rgions de Gagnoa et Daloa, Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer, Rsults Gographiques de la Mission Hostains-d'Ollone, Clan and Chiefdom Maps for the M (Mano) and D (Gio), Ethnographic Survey of Southeastern Liberia: The Liberian Kran and the Sapo, Liberian Studies Association in America, Inc, Toulpleu: Etude socio-conomique d'un centre semi-urbain de l'Ouest Ivorien, La mise en place des populations Gur et Wob, Tradition et Changements dans la Socit Gur, Protestant Episcopal Society for the Promotion of Evangelical Knowledge, Sculpture of Africa: The Paul Tishman Collection, Ethnographic Survey of Southeastern Liberia: Report on the Bassa, Ethnographie du Cercle de Man (Cte d'Ivoire), Revue d'Ethnographie et des Traditions Populaires, Socit d'Editions Gographiques, Martimes et Coloniales, Reise durch das Hinterland von Liberia im Winter 1906-1907. The Muslims are found predominantly among the Mande peoples in the northwest region of the country. It is comprehensive in scope covering a wide range of subjects from a historical and contemporary perspective. In Liberia, it is estimated that there are about 575,000 people of Bassa ethnic group accounting for about 13.4% of the country's total population and they are the second largest in the country. Loma and Mende also have their own unique alphabets but are studied less.. The Mande speakers arrived in northwestern Liberia between 1500 and 1550. Tel: +231 6 554302 Could you please provide me information on the history, culture and marriage of the gbandi tribe of Liberia. The United States reluctantly accepted Liberian sovereignty under British pressure, making the West African country the first democratic republic in African history. Drums are one of the most widely used instruments in many ceremonies both official and nonofficial, weddings, christenings, naming ceremonies, holidays, graduations, etc. The terms most commonly observed in English publications for those groups which live in eastern Liberia are Dan and Ngere (Fagg, 1953: 17-18). In March 2003 the prosecutor at the Special Court for Sierra Leone - a UN-backed international war crimes tribunal established to bring to justice those 'bearing greatest responsibility' for atrocities in Sierra Leone - issued a sealed indictment for President Charles Taylor on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity.

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