Depending on the data available for the location of product use, apply eGRID subregion or U.S. national average factors. United States Environmentally-Extended Input-Output (USEEIO) Modeling Framework for USEEIOv2.0. Report No. Results for these commodities should not be used for analytical purposes. These include values such as the carbon dioxide equivalencies of the flows that are greenhouse gases. The Make table is an industry x commodity matrix with USD annual output of commodity i produced per industry j in USD; the Use table is commodity x industry matrix with amount of commodity i, in USD, used to by industry j to provide a good or service. Li, M., Ingwersen, W., Young, B., Vendries, J. National totals of flows (physical movements of specific resources, emissions or employment) by industries are used as the sources of environmental and employment data. v2.0 builds on the flow sector attribution modeling approach taken to construct national commercial waste totals8, by estimating totals by industries defined by NAICS codes. Quantifying scope 3 emissions can be broken into three steps: Step 1: Determine relevant scope 3 categories. The values for the disaggregated waste commodities are allocated based on allocation factors derived from the Economic Census customer classes, as described below. Metadata Updated: January 28, 2022 Tables presenting supply chain and margin emission factors and data quality scores for US commodities and industries calculated from USEEIO models at two levels of commodity/industry categorization, detail and summary, for both industries and commodity, and annually from 2010-2016. M.L. The mineral extraction data driving the MRNL impacts was not updated in v2.0. This subset describes the waste flows from the receiving facilities point of view, ideal for tracking the information regarding how the waste is managed. Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for US Industries and Commodities (No. General Motors worked with Climate Earth consultants to useUSEEIO to calculate their Scope 3 GHG emissions associated with the purchased goods and services in their supply chain. Environ. 2010 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey. We define consumption as final use within the US of all goods and services that are both produced and sold within the US or imported. QCEW publishes national annual employment at the 6-digit NAICS; no additional allocation is required for use in v2.0. The factors are described below: CO 2 emission factors for electricity and heat generation for world countries (in CO 2 per kWh, 1990 to 2019). https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources/science/water-use-terminology?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects (2019). Service Annual Survey Historical Data (NAICS-basis): 2015. https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2015/econ/services/sas-naics.html (U.S. Census Bureau, 2016). Additionally, to support the use of the FEDEFL for the new environmental data, flows used in the indicators also were updated to correspond to the FEDEFL. https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2020). These values are included in the WasteDisaggregation_Make sheet in the primary data record, in the Industry disaggregation rows. Li, M. & Ingwersen, W. Life-cycle impact coefficients (N matrix) of USEEIOv1.2 and v2.0.1-411. The model is available as the National Employment Totals By Industry 2017 v1.1 dataset59. Primary data must often be collected directly from suppliers through a questionnaire or similar format. This approach is in contrast to the former method used in v1.1 in which flows were directly attributed to IO table industries. figshare https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17269211 (2021). ipcc-efdb@iges.or.jp. Li, M. & Ingwersen, W. H_r and H_f matrices of USEEIOv1.2 and v2.0.1-411. In v2.0, these emissions have been allocated to manufacturing sectors on the basis of fuel consumption by fuel type30. Chemical releases to ground are sourced from the Toxic Release Inventory, the same source as used in v1.2. Rev. Representing the most current conditions feasible given the full national economic scope of the model, and yet wanting to retain a high level of resolution to differentiate between US commodities and their life cycle performance, v2.0 is built upon datasets representing the most current years processed from input data sources. Then, the imports, yi, are subtracted from the final demand in the original Use table, to get domestic final demand, yd, as in Eq. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis https://www.bea.gov/products/industry-economic-accounts/underlying-estimates (2020). Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. TRACIv2.1 for FEDEFLv1. There are five industries that produce the 562000 commodity. This is a necessary first order approximation since we found no publicly available data to confirm this for the disaggregated waste sectors. Three standard national level demand vectors were created for use with the model to calculate potential impacts of US consumption, production and consumption from households. The Scope 3 Standard presents details on all scope 3 categories and requirements and guidance on reporting scope 3 emissions. https://databank.worldbank.org/reports.aspx?source=2&type=metadata&series=EN.ATM.CO2E.PC# (2021). HRSP impacts are driven by particulate emissions, and to a lesser extent in agricultural sectors, ammonia emissions. Emissions of pesticides from agricultural activities are excluded from this dataset as they are captured in the pesticides table. Novel methodological elements since USEEIO v1 models include waste sector disaggregation, final demand vectors for US consumption and production, a domestic form of the model that can be used to separate domestic and foreign impacts, and price adjustment matrices for converting outputs to purchaser price and in various US dollar years. The US Economic Census (EC), published by the US Census Bureau, provides economic data for all sectors of the US economy and is used to estimate industry consumption of the disaggregated waste management commodities (i.e., Use table rows)20. To provide a greater resolution, a technique commonly applied to IO tables is disaggregation19, which splits a single sector into multiple sectors within the IO tables. Shifts in sector impact intensity (as present in the D and N matrices) between v1.2 and v2.0 are attributed to a combination of changes in methodology for resource allocation to industry sectors, primary and allocation data sources, source data years, and economic growth or decline within industries between the related source data years, after the currency year adjustment Eqs. Additionally, flow amounts for each flow within a satellite table must not change more than 0.05%. Scope 3 calculation method improved and boundary expanded over time. J.V. The EEIO sector also determines whether the project type is for construction or operation more broadly, and each has a very different greenhouse gas emissions profile. National Biennial Hazardous Waste Report 2011. https://www.epa.gov/hwgenerators/biennial-hazardous-waste-report (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2012). Estimated use of water in the United States in 1995. Land for national parks is directly assigned to NAICS code 712190, where previously, in both the original USEEIO land satellite table and in Zengs work, national parks were included in the unaccounted land category. RCRAInfo data are available by 5- and 6-digit NAICS codes, which map to the disaggregated sectors as shown in Table6. led software development for useeior, developed the crosswalk methodology and wrote the associated section of the manuscript, curated all economic input data, performed model validation, and visualized the results. Results are presented in Fig. Emissions are assigned to industries based on the NAICS reported by each facility. A revision to the mapping of NAICS to BEA sectors for NAICS 23 Construction fixed an error in v1.1 that resulted in substantially lower emissions coefficients. Many organizations quantify greenhouse emissions in their value chain. It is the first model version since USEEIO v1.2 capable of calculating potential environmental impacts, resource use and waste generation along with economic impacts, and builds upon the creation of the USEEIO v2 GHG models, which were a series of USEEIO models used to calculate Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors1. 14. v2 models represent a second generation of USEEIO models built using an improved technical infrastructure9. 31. is composed of xs:x output ratios and identical in its indices (rows and column identifiers) to B. The right side of Eq. With the pesticide loss model input data remaining the same, but inflation in the commodity as seen in the P matrix between 2012 (USD year of v2.0) and 2013 (USD year of v1.2) created a lower denominator in v2.0, resulting in a higher pesticide-related impact intensity (since dollar output is in the denominator) for this sector. Mineral commodity summary 2014. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/prd-wret/assets/palladium/production/mineral-pubs/mcs/mcs2014.pdf (U.S. Geological Survey, 2014). U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD) https://doi.org/10.23719/1526372 (2017). The satellite tables contain the resource use and environmental releases mapped to the original Waste Services and Remediation Services sector. Official websites use .gov The economic outputs also checks for both models, except for the commodities Used and secondhand goods and Noncomparable imports, which have negative uses for balancing purposes in the Use table and therefore failures were expected. Ingwersen, W., Li, M., Young, B., Vendries, J. 21. where lc is the column representing the commodity of interest from the L matrix, and dn is the transposed row representing the indicator of interest from the D matrix. To derive Rest of World region results, the difference between any full result calculation and the domestic calculation can be taken, as in Eq. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. Model validation and output writing are also performed in simple statements. https://www.epa.gov/ozone-layer-protection/international-actions-montreal-protocol-substances-deplete-ozone-layer (2015). http://edap-data-commons.s3.amazonaws.com/data_commons_search.html (2021). Following this mapping, each satellite table is assessed to ensure that no environmental flows were lost during the transformation. This can be performed by subtracting the import matrix, Um from the Use matrix to estimate a domestic Use table, Ud, as in Eq. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. USEEIO v2.0 is an environmental-economic model of US goods and services that can be used for life cycle assessment, footprinting, national prioritization, and related applications. 28. Subsequently the country supply-use tables were linked via trade creating an MR-SUT and producing a MR-IOTs . Irrigation and water management survey 2018. U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD) https://doi.org/10.23719/1524319 (2021). Red text indicates an update from the 2018 version of this document. The value added sectors are the wages, taxes, and gross operating surplus for the industries present in the USEEIO model. To assist in quantifying these emissions, we have developed a comprehensive set of supply chain emission factors covering all categories of goods and services in the US economy. 12:15-12:30. Depending on the table resolution, these categories are further divided into one or more subcategories. figshare https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17377805 (2021). U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD) https://doi.org/10.23719/1369615 (2017). 66, 283291, https://doi.org/10.2307/1925829 (1984). This can be represented in unit form in Eq. The largest visible change in GHG intensity was seen in the electricity sector, with a nearly 2kg CO2e/$ decrease. Thus, the flows from the 5-digit sectors must be allocated to the USEEIO sectors. A symbol represents the transposed (rows and columns switched) form of a matrix or vector. Since SIMAP does not have an emissions category for other GHG, these emissions were added to the CO2 emissions factors as CO2-equivalents. Census of agriculture 2017. For MRNL, the only notable changes in the use intensity are the decrease in Dimensional stone and increase in Sand, gravel, clay This can be explained by an error in allocation of the Sand/gravel flows to Dimensional stone rather than to Sand, gravel, clayin v1.2 and prior versions. The USEEIO v2.0.1411 dataset is the primary data record, and includes the waste disaggregation data inputs, model components, result matrices, price adjustment matrices, and demand vectors, along with supporting metadata including sector, flow and indicator descriptions. In other words, the monetary and physical flows occur in the same direction: makers of the waste treatment commodity receive both the physical waste to be disposed and the money for the disposal service. Figure 2 shows an example progression over time of improvement and expansion. The MLU land use categories are further allocated to 6-digit NAICS, modeled on Zeng and Ramaswamis methodology37. To achieve more granular results for 6-digit NAICS, Water_national_2015_m1 uses acreage data for 64 crops from the USDA Census of Agriculture (CoA) data48. Chemical releases to water are sourced from 2017 facility reported emissions data from the Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)29 and the Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR)33. 23 is used for y. ERR-288 https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/pub-details/?pubid=101624 (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2021). Ingwersen, W., Garvey, T. & Bergmann, M. USEEIOv1.1 - Elementary Flows and Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) Characterization Factors. For v2.0, total value added per industry is taken directly from the same 2012 BEA Use table that is a source for the economic data. Learn more on the project website. Birney, C., Conner, M. & Ingwersen, W. National water withdrawal totals by industry 2015 v1.1. 12, which is the weighted average of price adjustments in commodities that make up m (e.g. EPA Center for Corporate Climate Leadership, Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting and Reporting Standard, The Global GHG Accounting and Reporting Standard for the Financial Industry, Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financials, Conversion factors 2022: full set (for advanced users), Greenhouse Gas Inventory Guidance: Indirect Emissions from Events and Conferences, ENERGY STAR Scope 3 Use of Sold Products Analysis Tool V1.2, Renewable Electricity Procurement on Behalf of Others: A Corporate Reporting Guide, Center for Corporate Climate Leadership Home, GHG Inventory Development Process & Guidance, Corporate GHG Inventorying and Target Setting Self-Assessment, Reporting Corporate Climate Risks and Opportunities, 4 (upstream transportation and distribution), 9 (downstream transportation and distribution), 12 (end-of-life treatment of sold products), The UK Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs provides well-to-tank (i.e., upstream) emission factors for fuel in the ". in order to minimize inter-plant variability. Emissions from purchased goods and services and capital goods represent a significant emissions source for many organizations. Additionally, there are changes to methods of allocation. In the v2.0, methyl bromide/emission/air/troposphere/rural/ground-level/kg has one of the highest CFC-11 equivalents (0.51, sheet C, cell BMV20 of)71 of all flows, and Fresh vegetables, melons, and potatoes shows the highest at 2.4E-5 kg/$. Crop Irrigation water withdrawals are allocated proportionally using water use by crop type. For national USEEIO models, results calculated with these variables represent US region results. This research was supported through USEPA contract HHSN316201200013W, Task Order EP-G16H-01256 with General Dynamics IT (GDIT) and contract EP-C-16-015, Task Order 68HERC19F0292 with Eastern Research Group (ERG). For example, releases of nitrogen and phosphorous are sourced from the Nitrogen and Phosphorus Release from Agriculture satellite table (NPAG) specifically for agricultural sectors, while data for all other sectors are sourced from the Discharge Monitoring Report via the Point source releases to water satellite table (WATREL). The waste sector disaggregation procedure required the definition of an additional set of configuration files that provide instructions for this disaggregation procedure. An exponent of 1 represents an inverse. Emission factors should at a minimum include emissions from fuel combustion, and should, where possible, include cradle-to-gate emissions of the fuel (i.e., from extraction, processing, and transportation to the point of use). In the production vector, the direct imports both used by final consumers and industries are removed. Toxics Release Inventory 2017. http://www2.epa.gov/toxics-release-inventory-tri-program/tri-data-and-tools (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2018). However when this demand vector is applied to the model, output of these commodities is positive due to industry consumption, reflecting the commodity output totals. Accordingly, the allocation factor to the disaggregated Solid waste collection rows is approximately 44% (21/48) of the total Waste management and remediation services commodity consumption for all USEEIO industries mapped to the Business firms and farms customer class. Processing of Criteria and Hazardous Air Emissions was supported by the office of Fossil Energy (FE) for the United States Department of Energy (DOE), National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) under NETL Contract Number DE-FE0025912. The EEIO sector determines the region and sector-based factors which are used for estimating financed emissions. The margins present for Waste and Remediation were allocated using the total Use table commodity output. Services to buildings and dwellings (561700): the entirety of the 562000 commodity produced by this sector is assigned to the Remediation services sector (562910), as it is assumed that the services provided by this sector deal with site-specific remediation. PubMedGoogle Scholar. The columns of the A or L matrices show the pure economic direct or total requirements for a commodity, which may be used for supply chain mapping or for economic impact analysis. U.S. Geological Survey. 2021 edition of the Emission factors data package. This is an update from v1.1, where value added data were taken from BEA Summary level Use tables for more recent years and adjusted as described in the documentation5. 30, where V' is the transposed model Make table, which is normalized by multiplying it by the diagonalized form of the inverse of model output, x. How are emission factors developed? ADS Stat. Environmentally-extended input output (EEIO) models estimate energy use and/or GHG emissions resulting from the production and upstream value chain activities of different sectors and products within an economy. USEEIO v2.0, The US Environmentally-Extended Input-Output Model v2.0. These include all the types of resource use and environmental releases/losses from v1.15 plus the three additional waste generation datasets created for v1.27,8. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-07/documents/nei2014v2_tsd_05jul2018.pdf (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2018). BEA detail) through a schema mapping. The information is tracked by how facilities manage hazardous waste as generators, transporters, or treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDF). environmental pollution waste material air pollution water pollution, economic input-output data environmental release data resource use data. Urban land allocation now includes estimates for urban green areas based on assumptions made by Zeng and Ramaswami37. Syst. Changes in animal-related land impact intensity are due to modifying the allocation method for grazing land. For the disaggregated waste management sectors, the Make table intersection represents the amount of the Waste management and remediation services commodities (rows) produced by each of the waste management industries (columns). )2, therefore all environmental data was adjusted to be in 2013 US Dollars (USD). The Criteria Air and GHG emissions data from 2017 and 2016, respectively, that drive these data replaced 2011 and 2013 data in v1.2 and likely reflect the continued phase out and substitution of ozone depleting substances70. Planting, M. & Guo, J. The 2021 edition is no longer available for purchase. Outside of agricultural land, there is a sharp increase for Museums, historical sites, zoos and parks.

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