Puisque nous sommes lge des possibles pour expliquer ce pass, nous pouvons alors formuler des hypothses hors du champ connu. The Sumerian culture, which can be traced as far back as the beginning of the Fourth Millennium BC, was the source of all the myths of Middle Eastern civilizations that followed, such as the Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian people who inherited much of the Sumerian culture. My father, I dont know him. Another possible Sumerian carry-over related to the Fall of man But if the astonishing conclusions of a Biblical researcher from Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) are correct, Beltane is an ancient Gaelic festival celebrating the beginning of summer and the renewal of life. in the book of Genesis. p. The Great Flood, and the building of an ark that housed the "seeds of mankind", are both mentioned in the Eridu Genesis. The Sumerians believed that the universe had come into being through a series of cosmic births. [26]:58[27]:231234 His primary consort was Ninlil, the goddess of the south wind,[28]:106 who was one of the patron deities of Nippur and was believed to reside in the same temple as Enlil. Father Vincent Scheil, who would therefore be the first to make the link between the Sumerian text and the Bible, is not just anyone, he is the discoverer in December 1901 of the stele of the Hammurabi code and he was a member of the institute and director of studies at the cole des hautes tudes. Required fields are marked *. Sumerian origin of the Bible: why create a religion and a promised land? That is an important distinction. Is it true that Genesis was written by four different competing groups and that it is very contradictory? 6- Author 4 was called D. because he only worked on the text of Deuteronomy. For example, Wood (2003) has drawn attention to the fact that there are remarkable similarities between the Sumerian King List and accounts in Genesis, from descriptions of the great flood, to the eight rulers who reigned before the flood, and decreasing longevity of people after the flood. It is blessed by Enki to have overflowing, However, according to some researchers, it is it that, via the proto-Sinaitic, gave birth to the Phoenician alphabet, which in turn will be at the origin of the Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek alphabets, i. e. Latin and Cyrillic characters. The solution was accepted and men were created by the God Ea (Enki) and the Goddess Ninmah (or Ninhursag also called Mama, the universal mother?). Egyptian writing is no longer used to write any modern language whatsoever. It assumes that the gods and the universe already exist and that once a long time ago the heavens and earth were united, only later to be split apart. It first appeared in archaeological records around 3100 B.C. Nammu, From an historical or literary point of view, this is hard to disprove. Historians have dedicated significant efforts to authenticating the biblical narratives of the Exodus. Enlil (El), the supreme god, sent terrible epidemics and famine to decimate men, but Ea (Enki), the creator, always thwarted his plans through his protg Atrahasis, the very wise, a man who warned his people of every danger. 2- The text is a perfect parallel between Enki eating forbidden plants and Adam eating the forbidden fruit. Sumerian mythology and religious practices were rapidly integrated into Akkadian culture,[40] presumably blending with the original Akkadian belief systems that have been mostly lost to history. Judaism appears from its inception to be a fully developed monothism, with out all the superstitions of Mesopotamian religion and the fantastic (and unbelievable) stories of gods and their petty intrigues. Lisez donc les crits de cet Italien qui a crit : La Bible nest pas un Livre sacr DE plus la kabbale a rafl lArbre de Vie/Kundalini chez les Sumriens. Lahar and Ashnan or Enten and Emesh are similar in some respects The river carried me; it carried me to Aqqi, the water pumper. The Sumerian goddess Inanna also developed the counterpart Ishtar during the Old Babylonian Period. A similar story is described in the Sumerian tablets. Though scholars know the Anunnaki as the gods of ancient Mesopotamia, fringe theorists believe they are ancient alien invaders from the planet Nibiru. Of course, much of that evidence is found at my web site, to include prophecies in Genesis which are fulfilled in Jesus (see my book From Shadow to Reality www.ipibooks.com), historical and archaeological accuracy of Genesis (Reasons For Belief www.ipibooks.com), and so forth. there are eight antediluvian patriarchs. The Sumerians were an ancient people that occupied Sumer, that is, the southern region of Mesopotamia, which is now southern Iraq. "in the East" (Gen. 2:8) has a river which also "rises" The pagan traditions associated with it have survived through the centuries, with many still A large Viking burial mound found on the island of Karmy off Norways western coast was long thought to be empty. Nous pouvons formaliser ces mmes hypothses pour les religions polythistes anciennes telles que celles de Summer, de Msopotamie, dAkkadie, de Babylone, dAssyrie, dInde dont on trouve des crits de plusieurs millnaires avant notre re. [17]:58 Nonetheless, there are assumptions according to which treasures in wealthy graves had been intended as offerings for Utu and the Anunnaki, so that the deceased would receive special favors in the underworld. Dumuzi and Jesus because Dumuzi is a shepherd-king and he is resurrected Not only do people in Asia and America tell the same story, but they also describe manna, that food that falls from the sky! They have been twisted and exagerated over thousand years. While I was a gardener, the goddess Itar fell in love with me and so I exercised royalty for fifty-six years. Imaginons alors quils nappartenaient pas la mme espce et ntaient pas originaires de la mme plante et quils reprsentaient une mission intergalactique charge de rintroduire des espces disparues depuis longtemps sur un autre monde teint. Aton the sun, like AkhenAton. [13]:3740 Enlil separated An from Ki and carried off the earth as his domain, while An carried off the sky. No votes so far! The Gilgamesh Epic was known to the ancient Sumerian and Babylonian cultures. The bulk of Sumerian parallels can, however be found much earlier, According to Doctor Ashok Malhotra, It was suggested that Sumerians appeared in Southern Mesopotamia around five and half thousand years ago carrying with them the seeds of civilization. the legendary first wife of Adam. What about ancient cultures such as Sumer and Mohenjo Daro? 3- The story insists on the description of the Paradise created by Enki in Dilmun. [30]:xiii,xv[13]:101 Many of the myths involving her revolve around her attempts to usurp control of the other deities' domains.[32]. [20] During the Third Dynasty of Ur, it was believed that a person's treatment in the afterlife depended on how he or she was buried;[17]:58 those that had been given sumptuous burials would be treated well,[17]:58 but those who had been given poor burials would fare poorly, and were believed to haunt the living. . The Sumerian myth Enki and Ninmah shows Ninhursag (called "Ninmah") competing with the god Enki, a masculine deity within the Mesopotamian pantheon who was also described as Ninmah's husband in . Although a close correlation exists between these lists, it seems the Sumerian list has omitted the first man and the man who survived the Flood (Adam and Noah). He knew the gods of the Sumerian pantheon, at the top of which was the Triad An, Enlil and Enki. I took a Mesopotamian Civilizations course last semester and it was exciting to hear about their culture once more! Chacune de ces religions dcrivant dans le dtail des tres venus dailleurs avec des technologies avances (pouvoirs divins apparents pour ceux qui ne pouvaient pas concevoir ces technologies). Il ne faut pas se laisser impressionner par ce qui nest pas dit mais il faut apprendre comment gurir les malades et comment chasser les dmons. If Amos, Nahum, Habakkuk, Haggai, Malachi were names of real people, why are they not found elsewhere in Biblical history? [14]:179 Lists of large numbers of Sumerian deities have been found. This week we are going to analyze the oldest creation story ever recorded, known as the Eridu Genesis. Early Sumerian cuneiform was used primarily as a record-keeping tool; it was not until the late Early Dynastic period that religious writings first became prevalent as temple praise hymns[5] and as a form of "incantation" called the nam-ub (prefix + "to cast"). The deity of the dome-shaped firmament was named An; that of the earth was named Ki. Historians wondered how a people who had not created a great civilization could have invented a writing, we know today that the Hebrew alphabet comes from the Protosinaitic alphabet which itself comes from Egyptian hieroglyphs. The huluppu tree is transplanted Despite the takeover of Babylon by the Persians in 539 and Cyrus edict allowing exiles to return to Judea, an important Jewish community remained in the city: it was it that, at the end of the 5th century AD, initiated the so-called Babylonian Talmud, which is still the authority in Judaism. And this literary pun passed into the Bible where it naturally lost its value since in Hebrew the words meaning coast and life have nothing in common. The Book of Revelation is filled with prophetic visions of apocalyptic events. All these rites can structure the life of faith in any part of the world, and allow Israel to avoid assimilation and to constitute itself as a particular people. The Hebrews lived between two great civilizations with which they mixed. There were 32 of these things in all. The gods, smelling the good smell, swirled like flies around the priest. However, if one can assume that the book of Genesis is inspired by God, then the idea of the Genesis flood account being borrowed from Gilgamesh does not work. Logically, one might assume that since the Gilgamesh Epic precedes the Bible account, at least in its written form, it was the source for the biblical story of the flood. Great Discoveries in Biblical Archaeology: The Sumerian King List - by Bryant G. Wood, Biblical Stories Mirror Those Found in Ancient Mythology - by Ed Neumann, It's not as if the religions around Christianity and Judaism weren't doing the same thing . The gods themselves were terrified: fleeing, they climbed to the sky of Anu where, like dogs, they remained curled up. So, good, honest, open-minded scholars and students of religion will look for parallels and comparisons between Judaism and Mesopotamian religion. 143-144) And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. ), but the existence of such a people and civilization was not even suspected until the middle of the 19th century. Might there be opportunities that arise later for people to be saved? [23], During the late 2000s BC, the Sumerians were conquered by the Akkadians. He himself will be called the great chancellor of the whole country and will govern the country with her. It should be noted that Kramer's interpretation that this creature Imaginons un instant que ces diffrents Dieux ntaient pas le fruit de limagination des anciens, mais quils taient bien rels. What Are the Similarities and Differences Between Beltane and Walpurgis Night? Si tu veux faire un article pour expliquer comment gurir les malades et chasser les dmons, je peux le publier ici. Aqqi the water puffer pulled me out of the river by diving his bucket. Aqqi the water pumper taught me his job as a gardener. to a wall. In his flight Moses is always accompanied by Tausret whose royal name bears the epithet of Beloved of Amen, Myriam in Egyptian, as the first name of Moses sister in the biblical account. The Sumerian belief system offers a fascinating insight into the lives of these ancient people as they struggled to establish the first empires of man. The Sumerian origin of the Bible: similarity between Genesis and Enuma Elish. For example, the biblical account of Noah and the Great Flood bears a striking resemblance to the Sumerian deluge myth, recorded in a Sumerian tablet discovered at Nippur. Pierre voici un petit texte que javais crit un soir de solitude, vous me direz ce que vous en pensez, merci. The question naturally arises: Where did these obvious parallels arise? Just where and when these events took place and what exactly transpired is something we may never know. sweet water. The epic of Atrahasis or Poem of Supersage was written in Akkadian Semitic language, probably dating from the 18th century BC. Mais ces religions citaient aussi des visiteurs venus dailleurs. Enki and Hundreds of gods comprised its religious system. The priesthood resided full-time in temple complexes, and administered matters of state including the large irrigation processes necessary for the civilization's survival. Voici un savant rabin qui dit bien que la Gense vient de babylone, et alors ? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Awk4WsLvS9A. Doggerland, Variousunder water cities and roads in Greece and Egypt, The lapita in samoa, Gulf of Combay city near India. : Grave goods, the Mesopotamian afterlife, and the liminal role of Inana/Itar", "Inanna/Ishtar as a Figure of Controversy", "Anunna (Anunnaku, Anunnaki) (a group of gods)", Sumerian Hymns from Cuneiform Texts in the British Museum, The Ekur: Sumerian Reconstructionist Ceremonial Magick, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sumerian_religion&oldid=1152100418, This page was last edited on 28 April 2023, at 06:07. The most important section of Kabbalah is the theory of the formation of the universe. I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds, What's your favourite Fairy Tales (and their possible origins). Abraham was a native of the great Sumerian city Ur. Of course, much of that evidence is found at my web site, to include prophecies in Genesis which are fulfilled in Jesus (see my book From Shadow to Reality. It reached its peak around 6,500 years ago when it had the distinction of being a very advanced civilization with a sophisticated written language, magnificent architecture for the time, complex mathematics, and amazing astronomy. Noah's Ark, by Rembrandt van Rijn, 1660, via Art Institute, Chicago, USA. We are sorry that this post was not useful for you! But ti also means to keep alive. Their worship is expressed in the temple of Astarte and in that of Sutekh, assimilated to an Egyptian Baal. Does it mean that the Gospels are not based on true accounts? MacDonald has found numerous other examples of similarities between Bible parables and the stories of ancient myths and legends, too numerous, he says, to be accidental. What purpose did the oracles against the nations in Amos, Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel serve other than consoling the Jews? It has been estimated by some to be based on a tradition as old as 3000 BC. (Kramer 1961 pp. Everybody should listen to this, it really puts the pieces together from the epic of gilgamesh, Greek mythology, Sumerian tablets. long lives, most in excess of 900 years. En ce qui concerne les religions de Msoamrique, bien peu de textes sont parvenus jusqu nous, et lhistoire sest perdue dans les autodafs des conquistadors. p. 142,145) or "fine oil" (Kramer & Maier 1989: p. [17]:140, Inanna was the Sumerian goddess of love, sexuality, prostitution, and war. Elohim created all living creatures on earth Genesis 1:25, Elohim says: let us make man in our image, in our likeness Genesis 1,27. Dilmun is a place created by the god Enki for the goddess Ninursag, and the story of Dilmuns creation would be the text that inspired the Paradise of Adam and Eve (article to come on this). This association carries Excerpts from Kabbalah (esoteric practices), which were believed to be Jewish (given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai), were found on older Egyptian texts and are surely part of the teaching of the elders transmitted in mystery schools and which would be taught today by the Frankish Masons and the Roses crosses. [22], During the middle of the third millennium BC, Sumerian society became more urbanized. Listen Top Shows Blog Discover #PoliticsAF Show!HOT ON THE TRAIL OF TRUMP GOIN' 2 FN JAIL! The Sumerians regarded their divinities as responsible for all matters pertaining to the natural and social orders. For six days and seven nights, gusts, heavy rains, thunder, lightning and hurricanes broke the Earth like a jar. In later times, Ereshkigal was believed to rule alongside her husband Nergal, the god of death. Alors le naga lui a demand une faveur, que tous les futures moines soient appels naga les premiers jours avant lordination et Bouddha a accept. Sumerian Myth Of The Bible: A Historical Analysis Decent Essays 623 Words 3 Pages Open Document It is apparent that no person or persons could have orchestrated the harmony found in scripture. More broadly, it is in Babylon that the people of Israel will lay the foundations for a Judaism that is now deprived of the Temple. Pareil pour les habitudes religieuses. One striking example relates to the disciples James and John, which MacDonald believes are based, at least in part, on the Gemini Twins. Ancient Origins 2013 - 2023Disclaimer- Terms of Publication - Privacy Policy & Cookies - Advertising Policy -Submissions - We Give Back - Contact us. Later, Atrahasis settled at the mouth of the Great Rivers, in the Garden of Dilmun where Ea lived. Cuneiform is known to be one of the oldest forms of writing, where cuneiform simply means wedge-shaped. With this, we may not be able to determine if the Sumerian creation story has been influenced by others around it, or if its completely independent. Shown are three classic planetary symbols of Sumero-Mesopotamian religious art: the Moon (crescent), Sun (estoile) and Venus (octactinal star). Tammuz Tammuz, Sumerian Dumuzi, in Mesopotamian religion, god of fertility embodying the powers for new life in nature in the spring. He was the father of Utu and one of the patron deities of Ur. A Visual Tour (Video). (Pierre Jovanovic, 2001). fact. When the gods like men There are two possibilities to explain this. According to Kabbalah, at the beginning of creation, things called Sephiroth, meaning circles or orbits, with both material and spiritual characteristics took shape. Thus if somebody said to be nine hundred years old was actually nine hundred moons old he would be near-as-damn-it seventy-five. Religion, mythology and magic of a long-lost forgotten age. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. (Video), 10 Jaw-dropping Engineering Marvels of the Inca Empire, Lost City Revealed: The Mysteries of Nan Madol Uncovered (Video), Hidden in Plain Sight: The Pterodactyl of New Guinea. [34] He may have also been the father of Inanna and Ereshkigal. [17]:151,157158 Accounts of her parentage vary;[17]:108 in most myths, she is usually presented as the daughter of Nanna and Ningal,[30]:ixxi,xvi but, in other stories, she is the daughter of Enki or An along with an unknown mother. His consort was the goddess Shala. That is the big question, there are different theories, if Pierre Jovanovic talks about bad translation or invention by an unhealthy and misogynistic scribe, Eric DeBroqueville thinks more of an invention due to what these Canaanite peoples were suffering: the frequent deportations caused by the Babylonians for example. It is in this continuity that the tablets of Sumer will be inscribed by offering a fresh look at the first chapters of Genesis. I am sure that those who do this do so for a variety of reasons. From Dr. Malhotras and others claims, it is commonly thought that the origin of the Sumerians is indeed unknown. [14]:179180, The majority of Sumerian deities belonged to a classification called the Anunna ("[offspring] of An"), whereas seven deities, including Enlil and Inanna, belonged to a group of "underworld judges" known as the Anunnaki ("[offspring] of An" + Ki). The gods Ninurta and Enlil kept their original Sumerian names. where she finds that: The Anzu bird set his young in the branches of the tree, And the dark maid Lilith built her home in the trunk. Both were formed in the cultural context of Mesopotamia. In Genesis, Eve is fashioned from Adam's rib and her name hawwa If he left no comment on the subject, it is understandable why, as a man of the church! Sumerian religion was the religion practiced by the people of Sumer, the first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia. [17]:85 They are frequently referenced in magical texts,[17]:8586 and some texts describe them as being seven in number. Thoths Storm: New Evidence for Ancient Egyptians in Ireland? The ancient tablets you refer to probably contained what is commonly known as the Gilgamesh Epic, although it is difficult for me to say for sure without seeing the source of the information you refer to. , La Croix, the largest French Catholic newspaper. Likewise, James and John are sons of the mortal Zebedee and in Mark 3:17, Jesus gives them the collective label Boanerges Sons of Thunder. His Canaan religion made him despise Egyptian traditions and rituals to the point of sacrilege. Enlil separated heaven from earth and claimed the earth as his domain. If you are a believer and this article upsets you, you should know that it does not challenge some of the teachings in the Bible and invites you to read the articles below. 7- There was a 5th author who cut the texts of authors 1, 2, 3 and 4 into slices, placed them end to end, then gathered them together to write a text that was even more consistent and unifying. 13th Century Magical Merlin Manuscript Shares Original Legend, Eight of the Most Powerful Mythical Objects in History. In the Gilgamesh Epic, Utnapishtum took his family, some friends as well as many animals on the boat. [39], The Sumerians had an ongoing linguistic and cultural exchange with the Semitic Akkadian peoples in northern Mesopotamia for generations prior to the usurpation of their territories by Sargon of Akkad in 2340 BC. [17]:75 He was the patron and creator of humanity[17]:75 and the sponsor of human culture. This is perhaps appealing to some as Dumuzi's Akkadian What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? She threw me on the river without me being able to escape. [29] Ninurta was the son of Enlil and Ninlil. Why is it that people try to relate those gods to the God in the Old Testament? Click here for a comparison of these two ancient texts. introduces the paradise Eden, a place which is similar to the Sumerian [citation needed], Some stories recorded in the older parts of the Hebrew Bible bear strong similarities to the stories in Sumerian mythology. Arguing these similarities there are many others the Sabbah brothers reread the texts from top to bottom. That happened on the first day. : see on Amazon. 7.) Heaven was reserved exclusively for deities and, upon their deaths, all mortals' spirits, regardless of their behavior while alive, were believed to go to Kur, a cold, dark cavern deep beneath the earth, which was ruled by the goddess Ereshkigal and where the only food available was dry dust. Chronicles series suggests that the Bible ought to be read literally as a historic/scientic document, and that ancient civilizations-- They weren't known "in Greek myth" to have done this, so you have it wrong. I think you are just getting mixed up with the actual Biblical account in the New Testament in Luke 9:54 when James & John ask Jesus if they can destroy a Samaritan town/village with fire. Toward the end of the Sumerian civilization, ziggurats became the preferred temple structure for Mesopotamian religious centers. He ordered him to build an ark sealed with bitumen and to take with him specimens of all living beings. [13]:3740 An and Ki mated with each other, causing Ki to give birth to Enlil, the god of wind, rain, and storm. This account is very similar to that of the birth of Moses, written by Jewish priests who were in exile in Babylon in the 7th century BC when this surprising story was told from the banks of the Tigris in Iraq to those of the Tiber in Italy. He was raised with the Egyptian nobility, but he is a Canaanite of origin. Et aujourdhui encore, dans les pays o lon pratique le Bouddhisme Theravada (je ne sais pas pour les autres formes de bouddhisme), avant de devenir moine, les pratiquants shabillent en blanc et sont appels naga (nak en tha). The term Elohim disturbs historians because it is used several times in the Bible. flood lasts a long time, but Ziusudra comes to rest within seven Samuel Noah Kramer, an American Assyriologist, a specialist in Sumer and the Sumerian language, published a book in 1957 that became his best seller: In this book he develops the four common points between a Sumerian text that tells the story of the god Enki and the goddess Ninhursag in Dilmun and the text of the Garden of Eden: 1- Ninti (a goddess) is created from a coast. However, the method is identical. Why is a Love Poem Full of Sex in the Bible? Actually, I believe the author is saying that some creation stories that many attribute to the Bible are originally found in Sumerian mythology. The Sumerians believed that the universe had come into being through a series of cosmic births. The first ten represented the solar system and the others represented the masses of stars in space. Adad extended his deathly silence into heaven, reducing to darkness all that had been luminous. Many Canaanites have participated in the creation of Pi Rameses. With the exception of a few occurrences in the book of Daniel and in the Chronicles, it generally refers to the god of Israel. According to the Bible, Abraham received a call from God when he was 75 years old.

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