In the early 20th century, Bisbee was a mining town . The racial makeup of the town was 81.8% White, 0.5% Black or African American, 0.9% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 13.6% from other races, and 3.2% from two or more races. Courtesy Gilpin County Historical Society. Interestingly, the hotel website, simpsonhotel.com also has the best information on visiting the surrounding area. Apart from oral histories, there are often few archival records that describe precisely how sundown towns excluded Blacks. Greenlee County was created in 1909 and named for Mason Greenlee, who was an early settler in the Clifton area. Some faced actual instances of violence or were arrested by local police, according to Farley. Safford, Arizona gets 10 inches of rain, on average, per year. The per capita income for the town was $13,642. Many families live in Safford and residents tend to lean conservative. Just down the street is the Henrie Brothers Bakery, with a classic round clock on an ornate pole surrounded by bright blooms, like Mayberry at its best. DUE TO NEW METER INSTALLS, OVER THE NEXT FEW WEEKS, YOU MAY EXPERIENCE MINOR ISSUES WITH WATER AVAILABILITY. To accommodate the new Arizona and New Mexico Railroad, the people of Purdy moved their settlement to the south bank of the river and renamed it Duncan, after Duncan Smith, the managing director of the Arizona Copper Company. About 14.0% of families and 16.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 23.2% of those age 65 or over. Segregation was in full force throughout the country. 25.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The Anasazi are considered by historians to have been an advanced ancient native-American civilization. Duncan belongs to the Gila, the storied river of the west, the ageless natural highway whose passage through the mountain and desert southwest has served humankind since prehistoric times. The citrus industry in Arizona even predates statehood by decades. But only Duncan hurtles me into the 1960s, in the best way. James Loewen, a historian who spent years studying sundown towns, found them in the suburbs of Detroit, New York City and Chicago. Why Black Americans Are Not Nostalgic for Route 66 - The Atlantic We mourn the loss of our friend and colleague and remain committed to the work he began. Your email address will not be published. The most accessible viewing station, at Bonita Creek, is a lovely 55-mile drive from Duncan. He found them outside Los Angeles, in midwestern farming villages . In 1930, 44 out of the 89 counties that lined Route 66 were all-white communities known as sundown townsplaces that banned black people from entering city limits after dark. In the Pulitzer Prizewinning The Warmth of Other Suns: The Epic Story of Americas Great Migration, the writer Isabel Wilkerson recounts Dr. Robert Fosters harrowing journey in the West, where he would fall asleep at the wheel from exhaustion simply because he had been turned away from every motel he stopped at for being black. In 1881 and 1882, when the Arizona Copper Company was formed at Clifton-Morenci, an influx of Scottish capital financed the building of a narrow-gauge railway from Clifton to Lordsburg, New Mexico, to meet the Southern Pacific line. A black couple, Nolie and Lela Murray, owned the property and offered black people traveling on Route 66 much-needed lodging and some good old-fashioned Western recreation. The town of Duncan has been destroyed twice by flood and once by fire. Birders report seeing common black-hawk, canyon wren, and ladderbacked woodpecker among others. Today, the town continues to thrive as an agricultural community, especially noted wine tasting rooms and award-winning vineyards. The community is home for members of both the Akimel Oodham (Pima) and the Pee-Posh (Maricopa) tribes. Route 66 started out in Illinois, a state that itself had nearly 150 sundown towns. The 40-acre ranch was situated on the edge of the Mojave Desert, with Joshua, yucca, and mesquite trees dotting the landscape. Current Sundown Towns in the U.S. - Distractify Excellent pizza and calzones. Just one year before construction on Route 66 began, the Chicago Tribune suggested in an editorial on August 29, 1925, that black people avoid recreational sites altogether: We should be doing no service to the Negroes if we did not point out that to a very large section of the white population the presence of a Negro, however well behaved, among white bathers is an irritation. Well, first that Flagstaff doesn't make any of the pre-World War II editions. The median age was 28 years. Perhaps unsurprisingly, the Green Book ceased publication right around the time the Civil Rights Act passed. After just one Black family moved into an apartment there in 1951, a mob of 4,000 white people attacked the entire building. The other room of Hildas kingdom is a diner. Knowing better than to say it was his, Rons father pretended to be a chauffeur. Town Hall 506 SE Old West Hwy Duncan, Arizona 85534. As a professional camping teacher I can tell you a lot of important things you should know for your nextcamping trip. Either way, it was painfully obvious to me that there was a problem. Above, a "colored" sign over a drinking fountain in Halifax, North Carolina, in 1938. And after discovering the Green Book, I was never able to look at Americas favorite highway the same way againthe way those other tour guides seem to. Its now possibly the largest and most unusual cafeteria in the worldwith five floors of history and taxidermy and a giant fake redwood tree rising up through the center. July 3, 1919: The Battle of Brewery Gulch - Zinn Education Project Guests include Jim Hunt, president of the National League of Cities . Duncan is a small farming town 5 miles west of the New Mexico border on Hwy 70 (Old West Highway). It doesnt. Sundown Towns Black People Should Be Aware Of - Black America Web When I talk to people about the full history of Route 66 and the Green Book, they say, Thank God we dont need that anymore. But while black people may not have to worry about KKK cross burnings at tourist sites, they still have to worry about being shot by the police. For visitors the primary interest is in the numerous recreational opportunities nearby, as well as the annual Salsa Fest. The rise of sundown towns made it difficult and dangerous for Blacks to travel long distances by car. Peoples of the Upper Gila River from Pre-History to the Present. Sundown town | Meaning & History | Britannica For black folks, it meant encountering fresh violence and the ghosts of racial terrorism already haunting the Mother Road. Following the murder of George Floyd, the Coalition for an Anti-Racist Glendale drafted a Sundown Town Resolution that put on record the history of Glendale's formal policies and culturally enshrined practices of racism and anti-Blackness. Bank of Duncan - built in 1908 and located in 118 Main Street. The county seat is Globe. California cities grapple with racist history of sundown towns This page is not available in other languages. The site of contemporary Duncan had its origin sometime in the 1870s. Town of Duncan - A growing community, with old generations and new ones Everything is one of a kind. After leaving Chicago on Route 66, the next Green Book sites were more than 180 miles away in Springfield, Illinois. Duncan prospered until the Interstate Highway (I-10) was build further south. Unheard of by many, loved by everyone who calls it home. After 16 hours, at least 300 people had died, 35 blocks of the Greenwood District had burned to the ground, and more than 10,000 black residents had been left homeless. Arizona Highways 2039 W Lewis Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85009 602.712.2200. The Greenwood DistrictBlack Wall Streetwas eventually rebuilt; now the John Hope Franklin Reconciliation Park offers a space for healing, with a 25-foot memorial and three 16-foot granite sculptures honoring the dead. The Gila River, near Duncan, which is east of Safford along the Arizona-New Mexico border, reached a major flood stage Monday morning. A Brief History - Town of Duncan Since 2020, it has had a population growth of 6.7%. How do I convince my parents that I dont want to go camping? The railroad stop in Duncan made the town a marketing center for farm produce and a shipping point for ore and cattle. Arizona communities along the Gila grew up around stage and freight stations and military posts that began to bloom in the valley as settlers arrived and battled hostile natives. In the 1940s, Edmond, Oklahoma promoted itself on postcards with the slogan, A Good Place to LiveNo Negroes. The town of Mena, Arkansas advertised its many charms: Cool Summers, Mild Winters, No Blizzards, No Negroes. In other cases, the policy was enforced through less formal norms and sanctions. The Negro Motorist Green Book, 1940, Victor Hugo Green. And on day three, we passed the Civil Rights Act and changed all the laws. Problem solved. In 1921, the Tulsa Race Riot erupted in the Greenwood District of Tulsa, Oklahoma. In 2018 the estimated population was 789. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Duncan has a total area of 2.2 square miles (5.6km2), all of it land.[2]. A city at the center of several natural attractions, Safford is a haven for outdoor exploration and activities. the river and renamed it "Duncan", after Duncan Smith, the managing director of the Arizona Copper Company. The most dangerous cities in Arizona include Winslow, Page, Tolleson, Tucson, and more. Non-whites were prohibited from being . Almost every level acre is under cultivation, thickets of cottonwood trees shelter old farmhouses and ranches, and cattle and horses seem to outnumber people. No franchises. In Nevada, Sundown Town History Has Cultural Impacts For Washoe Tribal Members. It will guide you to more than 50 points of historical interest.The Visitor Center shares space with an interesting little shop called Country Chic Art Gallery & Crafts Boutique at 205 SE Old West Highway: 928-359-1955. This was hundreds of years before the first white men, the Spanish explorers arrival. But though that message went out to all Americans, it was really meant only for white Americans. This lost gem was billed as The Only Negro Dude Ranch in the Worldwhich it very likely was. United States President James K. Polk declared war against Mexico in what became known as the MexicanAmerican War. [5] Snowfall is most unusual, with the median being zero and the mean only 0.5 inches (0.013m). In 1999, Dr. Loewen began a public database of sundown towns identified through research by himself and other contributors, a project he continued to grow until his death in the summer of 2021. Black motorists who drove nice cars were especially susceptible to regular harassment by law enforcement. Copying and downloading images from this site is strictly prohibited. As we head back up the street on the other side, a thick berm of trees with cropland stretching away evokes the idea that children in T-shirts will play actual outside games when school ends for the day. [2] In 2018 the estimated population was 789. Laws and policies that enforced racial exclusion have largely disappeared, but de facto sundown towns existed into the 1980s, and some may still be in evidence today. Almost every level acre is under cultivation, thickets of cottonwood trees shelter old farmhouses and ranches, and cattle and horses seem to outnumber people. Duncan is a small farming town 5 miles west of the New Mexico border on Hwy 70 (Old West Highway). 8:00 a.m. - 5:30 p.m. Some posted. Duncan is a town in Greenlee County, Arizona, United States. Monday - Thursday During a grisly lynching on Easter weekend, a vigilante white mob dragged Horace Duncan and Fred Coker to the town square, hanged them, burned their bodies while thousands watched, and then distributed their body parts among the crowd as keepsakes. Cliff dwellers, conquistadors, Apache warriors, mountain men, westering immigrants each in their time has traveled its banks. What is the best battery pack for camping? As of the 2010 census, the population of the town was 696. BlackPast.org is a 501(c)(3) non-profit and our EIN is 26-1625373. Down the street is the Ranch House Restaurant I remember, although the only particleboard walls Ive ever seen have now been painted a rust color. The town and area are primarily populated by ranchers and miners (especially from the Freeport-McMoran copper mines in southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico). With the rail, settlement of the fertile, easily irrigated valley boomed. ullstein bild/Getty Images The Chicago suburb of Cicero was one of the most infamous sundown towns to ever exist in Illinois. Round Mountain BLM Rockhound Area. Can you ride in a travel trailer in california? And, although its no longer open to the public, the building still stands. Terrorism is not new, and to think so is a grievous slight to the nations native peoples, to its multitudes of immigrants, and to its legions of black Americansall of whom have long been terrorized for calling America home. I only learned about the Green Book after being commissioned to write a Moon Series travel guide on Route 66. Looking at the products on wide shelves feels like I stepped into one of my childhood Golden Books, one where the artist didnt want to get in trouble for using real brand names. Route 66 epitomized Americanafor white people. The 15 Most Dangerous Cities In Arizona: 2022's Ultimate List The names posted are the original names used when the properties were first built. In May 2022, an image went viral that supposedly showed a sign in a modern-day "sundown town" that read "whites only within city limits after dark." While the assertion that sundown towns still . I talk about racism and specifically about sundown towns - racism in Tempe/Scottsdale Arizona. The idea behind the Mother Road was to connect urban and rural America from Chicago all the way to Los Angeles, crossing eight states and three time zones. Victor H. Green, a black postal worker from Harlem, New York, published his guide from 1936 until 1966. Sundown suburbs formed a little later, mostly from 1900 to 1968." The town limits are on both sides of the Gila, but the primary portion of the town and the entire downtown area lie on the south side of the river. Then, a battered wooden sign for the Stage Stop Mini Mart & Liquor Store advertises gas priced a good 50 cents less per gallon than city prices. 20072023 Blackpast.org. Not only were they shut out of pools and beaches, black Americans also couldnt eat, sleep, or even get gas at most white-owned businesses. And although there were no formal segregation laws on the books in California, both Glendale and Culver City were sundown towns and the sun-kissed beaches of Santa Monica were segregated. History and Social Justice Website Copyright 2023, Using Lies My Teacher Told Me and Teaching What Really Happened, Resources for Teaching with Lies My Teacher Told Me, Teachers Corner: Teaching with Lies My Teacher Told Me, Contact Jim Loewen to Speak to Your Group, Causing Change With Lies My Teacher Told Me, Works Inspired or Influenced by Lies My Teacher Told Me, Useful Quotations about History and Social Justice, Native American Issues, Including the Explorers, Teaching Slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction, Civil Rights Movement to Modern Times: c. 1945 Now, Alphabetical Map of Sundown Towns by State, How to Research and Teach About Sundown Towns, Using Research Information to Help a Sundown Town Overcome Its Past, Loewens Work on Standardized Testing Used by Others, Embarrassing Questions about Standardized Tests. Evacuations ordered, emergency declared in eastern Arizona floods Keep up withmyblogand you will findsome important thingsto help you on your journeys. Greyhound Lines serves Duncan on its PhoenixEl Paso via Globe route. In extreme cases, hostility toward African Americans resulted in extrajudicial killing. But, yes Prescott area is one of the whitest areas in this state. Sundown towns, or grey towns, were all-white neighborhoods in the United States that used discriminatory local laws, intimidation, or violence to keep their town all-white. The means to announce and enforce racial restrictions varied across the country. In Safford, the summers are sweltering and partly cloudy and the winters are cold, dry, and mostly clear. Leafy greens, cabbage, dates, melons, lemons, oranges, apples, potatoes and tomatoes are just some foods harvested from Arizonas nourishing soil. His Green Book featured barbershops, beauty salons, tailors, department stores, taverns, gas stations, garages, and even real-estate offices that were willing to serve black people. The American Southwest is known for many thingsNative American reservations, hot weather, and absolutely . The onsite motel court was built during the war specifically to offer lodgings to black soldiersbut Pearl Bailey and Little Richard stayed there as well. At that time, the town was located on the north bank of the Gila. Town . The wettest month since continuous records began in 1942 has been August 2014 with 6.17 inches or 156.7 millimetres, whilst the wettest calendar year has been 1983 with 18.88 inches or 479.6 millimetres and the driest 1956 with 3.49 inches or 88.6 millimetres. Reply to this post. A chauffeurs hat. Eventually the Apaches, who were hunters, gatherers, and raiders, would become the dominant native-American force. Rich history of the Gila River Valley and the Town of Duncan, Arizona Arizonas location within the U.S. Gila County comprises the Payson, Arizona Micropolitan Statistical Area. In fact, even before Route 66 was officially connected and enshrined, the roads that would come to form it linked one atrocity to the next. One of the Green Books most unusual Route 66 sites was Murrays Dude Ranch. 928-381-1881 When the sheriff asked about the other people in the car, Rons dad pretended they werent his family. Still, the property sat empty for more than a decade after that purchase. Pearl Bailey ultimately bought the property in 1955 but sold it in the mid-1960s. Arizona is one of the top producers of citrus in the country. They held their cross burnings inside. Cities Near Me - Duncan, South Carolina | Travelmath In the town, the population was spread out, with 35.2% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 22.2% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who were 65 years of age or older.

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