which of the following is true regarding political socialization?
Which is the most prominent agent of socialization? Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between religion and ideology? While some religions are informal institutions, here we focus on practices followed by formal institutions. The process by which an individual acquires attitudes, beliefs, and values relating to the political system of which he is a member and to his own role as a citizen within that political system" is known as __________. Many social factors affect the way a family raises its children. More than 60 percent of people under the age of twenty have televisions in their bedrooms, which are multimedia sanctuaries (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2006). By using _____, average citizens form opinions that are ______ consistent with their underlying preferences. There are significant differences in the way that males and females are socialized to politics. In contrast to typing and mailing a letter, it is easier than ever for people to contact leaders directly using e-mail and Facebook. African Americans are more likely to vote for a Democrat. Television programs such as The West Wing and Law and Order offer viewers accounts of how government functions that, although fictionalized, can appear realistic. B) After becoming aware of the political world, most people learn enough information about the political world to form some basic political opinions. Children can learn by example when parents act as role models. Online polls cannot detect whether a person with multiple email accounts answers the same poll multiple times. With the average person spending over four hours a day in front of the television (and children averaging even more screen time), media greatly influences social norms (Roberts, Foehr, and Rideout 2005). Science. Which of the following factors influence Americans' beliefs and opinions? Party platforms for people who are unsure about which candidate to vote for. Understanding and participating in complex political issues, c. Caring about the public affairs of your community, d. Making your political voice heard and your views known to everyone in your community, Our Experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. What of the following does NOT affect the development of your political beliefs? Free True False Q01 Some democratic governments monopolize radio and television broadcasting or own and operate television networks. In the United States, children are taught to say the Pledge of Allegiance. Tactics that candidates use to try to persuade voters from both parties to vote for them. Socialization is a process that introduces people to social norms and customs. Today, Koreans argue that the Japanese are whitewashing that colonial history through these textbooks. Government policy _____ to public opinion; public opinion ____ to government policy. Methods for performing research about a candidate. Which of the following most accurately describes the origins of political attitudes political socialization? When a pollster attempts to influence the respondents' opinions, this is known as _________. a. : 2103716. Hess, R. and Judith Torney, The Development of Political Attitudes in Children (Chicago: Aldine, 1967). Parents and teachers may work together to encourage students to take part in service learning projects. Walker, L. J., Karl H. Hennig, and Tobias Krettenauer, Parent and Peer Contexts for Childrens Moral Reasoning Development, Child Development 71, no. 4. Mothers and fathers, siblings and grandparents, plus members of an extended family, all teach a child what he or she needs to know. Awareness of politics as a distinct realm of experience begins to develop in the preschool years (Dennis, Easton, & Easton, 1969). The Tenth Amendment stipulates that "the powers not granted to the United States by the Constitution, nor forbidden to the states by it, are reserved for the states, or to the people.". Students whose exposure to civics is exclusively through lectures and readings generally memorize facts about government for tests but do not remember them or make connections to real-world politics. They are likely to develop the habit of following politics in the media and to become active in community affairs (Nie, Junn, & Stehlik-Barry, 1996). then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution: Use the information below to generate a citation. Which of the following are results of the low levels of political knowledge among many Americans? A shared generational outlook develops when an age group experiences a decisive political event in its impressionable yearsthe period from late adolescence to early adulthood when people approach or attain voting ageand begins to think more seriously about politics. c. Concurrent powers are those that are exclusive to the states, such as ratifying amendments. Political socialization differs over the life course. They may change their positions to match the public mood. The public is always interested in who will win. are licensed under a, High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change, Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime, Global Implications of Media and Technology, Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology, Social Stratification in the United States, Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States, Theoretical Perspectives on Social Stratification, Theoretical Perspectives on Global Stratification, Theoretical Perspectives on Race and Ethnicity, Theoretical Perspectives on Government and Power, Theoretical Perspectives on Health and Medicine, Population, Urbanization, and the Environment, Introduction to Social Movements and Social Change, The socialized roles of parents and guardians vary by society. Group differences in political socialization will be examined. Ask a question. 4. This tradition was institutionalized at the time of the founding, when women did not receive the right to vote in the Constitution. (Credit: woodleywonderworks/flickr). the answer is A. A sample number that states how far the poll results may be from the actual opinion of total citizens, A group whose demographic distribution is similar to that of the overall population, A sample in which each person has an equal chance of being chosen to participate in the poll, A selection process for a poll that is done in person after a voter leaves the poll. Older people can become active because they see a need to influence public policy that will affect their lives. The media presents more information on lesser known, independent candidates. A member of Congress who helps get more party votes during the election cycle. They tend to trust government to solve programs because they perceived that Franklin Delano Roosevelts New Deal programs helped the country recover from the Depression. This process helps individuals function well in society, and, in turn, helps society run smoothly. Developing a political self begins when children start to feel that they are part of a political community. public attitudes toward government are measured and reported. The desired population of respondents must be identified. Pollsters are using online surveys, which are _______ costly and ______ time-consuming than telephone surveys. b. People who believe strongly in the legitimacy of the political system have confidence that political institutions will be responsive to the wants and needs of citizens and that abuses of governmental power will be held in check. $21.63+$22.71+$24.95, The family has a significant effect on political socialization. The pressure to conform to group norms can have a powerful impact on young peoples political development if group members are engaged in activities directly related to politics, such as student government or working on a candidates campaign. Personal ideology 5. Still, individuals often gravitate toward groups that hold beliefs and values similar to their own in order to minimize conflict and reinforce their personal views (Dey, 1997). Its 2009 Tiana and the Frog was specifically billed as "a princess movie for people who don't like princess movies," and features a talented chef and business ownerwho didn't need a man to rescue heras its main character. Which of the following statements are true of arranged marriages? Conservative ideologies are called left-wing because this is where they are put on the spectrum. The political development of the millennials, those born between 1981 and 2000, is influenced by the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and its aftermath, as well as by the rise of digital technologies. Orenstein wonders why every little girl is expected to be a princess and why pink has become an all-consuming obsession for many young girls. The mass media ----- neutral messengers for others' ideas. Agents of socialization, which include parents, teachers, and the mass media, convey orientations to subjects, who are mostly passive. Traits associated with political leadership, such as being powerful and showing authority, are more often associated with males than females. Reserved powers are those that are exclusive to national government, like printing money. Young people raised in this type of family will often initiate political discussion and encourage parents to become involved. Almond, G. A. and James S. Coleman, eds., The Politics of the Developing Areas (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1960), 27. democrat and republican voters strongly disagree on almost all issues. A visual representation which presents a range of views relating to beliefs about equality of society and control of society. This means that people must become socialized to, and socialized by, a variety of work environments. Children can sometimes socialize their parents to become active in politics; participants in the Kids Voting USA program have encouraged their parents to discuss campaign issues and take them to the polls on Election Day. Which of the following statements regarding political socialization true? Shortcuts that people use to make decisions. The desired population of respondents must be identified. Today generation Xers and the millennials have been portrayed as self-interested and lacking social responsibility by their elders from the baby boom generation. A mid-2017 survey showed that 13 percent more men than women believed Donald Trump was doing a good job as president. A source of political information that is intended to help citizens understand how to act and make decisions on political matters. 19. -Party polarization decreases the impact of other information on public opinion. 1. Consists of intimacy and commitment. This learning takes place through interaction with various agents of socialization, like peer groups and families, plus both formal and informal social institutions. Peer group socialization begins in the earliest years, such as when kids on a playground teach younger children the norms about taking turns, the rules of a game, or how to shoot a basket. The silent generation, born between 1922 and 1945, experienced World War II and the 1950s during their impressionable years. As early as the 1930s, political scientist Charles Merriam observed that radio and film had tremendous power to educate: Millions of persons are reached daily through these agencies, and are profoundly influenced by the material and interpretations presented in impressive form, incessantly, and in moments when they are open to suggestion (Merriam, 1931). The most important task of schools as agents of political socialization is the passing on of knowledge about the fundamentals of American government, such as constitutional principles and their implications for citizens engagement in politics. Agents of political socialization include _____. a. preventing client interaction with others when one of the alter personalities is in control, b. giving antipsychotic medications as prescribed, c. maintaining consistency when interacting with the client, d. confronting the client about the use of alter personalities. It proposed a bicameral legislature with equal representation in the Senate. 1. In the past, many people worked a single job until retirement. Most peoples political experiences occur vicariously through the media because they do not have personal access to government or politicians. 1 (2002): 86108. A theory that assumes the politician is in office to be the voice of the people, A theory that supports the delegates right to choose which way to vote, A theory that provides politicians with the option to become delegates, A theory that gives each state the right to have one delegate. Young people who observe their parents reading the newspaper and following political news on television may adopt the habit of keeping informed. Some Japanese textbooks dismiss an important Korean independence demonstration in 1919 as a riot. In reality, Japanese soldiers attacked peaceful demonstrators, leaving roughly 6,000 dead and 15,000 wounded (Crampton 2002). In the "receive-accept-sample" model of public opinion, what happens when you hear a media report that goes against your beliefs about tax cuts? The home environment can either support or discourage young peoples involvement in political affairs. The media have had -------independent impact on public opinion. Formal institutionslike schools, workplaces, and the governmentteach people how to behave in and navigate these systems. - President Obama extending a tax bill supported by President Bush Parents can teach their children about government institutions, political leaders, and current issues, but this rarely happens. Instead, vague idealssuch as the textbook concept of the model citizen, who keeps politically informed, votes, and obeys the lawserve as unofficial guides for socializing agencies (Langton, 1969; Riccards, 1973). Q. How do your attitudes differ from those of your parents. In general, which political or ideological group is most likely to oppose the expansion of government activity? Internet polling methods are problematic because they have a high likelihood of what type of error? Given the importance of political environment in shaping political views, which policy area below might someone feel is more important if they grew up during the war on terror? The Supreme Court's approval rating is less susceptible to the influence of events. When they have high levels of public approval. How do citizens form an opinion about an issue or candidate? Creative Commons Attribution License -The more education one has, the more tolerant of racial minorities one is. Political efficacy refers to individuals perceptions about whether or not they can influence the political process. O Socializing, such as interacting with family, friends and coworkers, is the same process as socialization. Heuristics and research. In the early 1900s, Japan was one of Asias more aggressive nations. By the end of this section, you should be able to: Socialization helps people learn to function successfully in their social worlds. A correction is essentially is known as amendment. Niemi, R. G. and Jane Junn, Civic Education (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998). The political socialization process leaves citizens with attitudes and beliefs that create a. Lindblom, C. E., Another Sate of Mind, in Discipline and History, ed. It is illegal for politicians to be swayed by public opinion when voting on policies. Social groups often provide the first experiences of socialization. Mass media distribute impersonal information to a wide audience, via television, newspapers, radio, and the Internet. Additionally, peer groups provide their own opportunities for socialization since kids usually engage in different types of activities with their peers than they do with their families. The capacity of mass media to socialize people to politics has grown massively as the number of media outlets has increased and as new technologies allow for more interactive media experiences. Computers have ways of selecting random numbers to call, but sometimes those numbers are contacted more than once. The faculty consisted of political progressives who supported the New Deal and other social programs. Greenstein, F. I., Children and Politics (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1969). Interviewing the candidates to learn more about their policies, Researching and learning background information about the candidate, Reading historical texts about American government and the founding fathers, Taking more surveys and polls to learn more information about each candidate. Politicians sometimes use public opinion polls to guide their decisions and actions. Peers provide role models for people who are trying to fit in or become popular in a social setting (Walker, Hennig, & Krettenauer, 2000). Between the ages of eighteen and forty-six, the average Baby Boomer of the younger set held 11.3 different jobs (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). Merelman, R. M., The Family and Political Socialization: Toward a Theory of Exchange, Journal of Politics, 42:46186. They may change their positions to match the public mood. What did you think about what was going on? The family usually plays the largest role in political socialization and people tend to vote the same way as their parents vote. The development of a political self begins when children realize that they belong to a particular town and eventually that they are Americans. Conflicts between generations have existed for centuries. -Few voters accurately translate self-interest into appropriate policy preferences. , on of slavery into the territories (t/f). All individuals should be allowed to seek personal and material success, Highly knowledgeable citizens tend to maintain beliefs most consistent with their interests. It will outline the stages of political learning across an individuals life course. D. women's suffrage Which of the following citizens is most likely to participate in politics? Harris, J. R., Where Is the Childs Environment? Levels of confidence and trust in government increased and remained high over the following ten years b. Which problem is specific to technology and polling? A theory that assumes the politician is in office to be the voice of the people. Which of the following is not true about political socialization? They tend to be arranged by the mother of the bride. -The more education one has, the more tolerant of racial minorities one is. obedience i. Which of the following statements best describes the difference between the way men and women vote? Which of the following statements is true with regard to our independence? O B. They may find themselves in need of health care and other benefits, and they have more time for involvement. The government can easily and substantially influence public opinion. Family is the first agent of socialization. Evangelical Christians are more likely to vote for Republicans. Agents, including parents, teachers, friends, coworkers, church associates, club members, sports teams, mass media, and popular culture, pass on political orientations. Alwin, D. F., Ronald L. Cohen, and Theodore M. Newcomb, Political Attitudes Over the Life Span (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991). For many families, politics is not a priority, as they are more concerned with issues related to day-to-day life. Anatomy and Physiology questions and answers. D) All of the above A government policy provides subsidized time off work480 days for families with newbornswith the option of the paid leave being shared between mothers and fathers. The process by which people's political opinions are formed. In many of those cases, if the character is not a princess to begin with, she typically ends the movie by marrying a prince or, in the case of Mulan, a military general. 1. Organizations such as the Gray Panthers provide a pathway for senior citizens to get involved in politics (Miles, 1997). Agents can convey knowledge and understanding of the political world and explain how it works. Kindly login to access the content at no cost. When children are required to work together on a project, they practice teamwork with other people in cooperative situations. to shape the respondent's perception of the candidate or issue in question Push polling is designed to plant negative ideas in the minds of respondents, pushing them away from the target. answer choices. James Farr and Raymond Seidelman (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1993), 32743. the number of people sampled must be at least 10 percent of the population, All of the following are necessary for an accurate public opinion poll EXCEPT. What total amount did Leah pay for the car? stereotype vulnerability c. Changing one's behavior at the command of an authority figure. An early emphasis on beauty and can lead to reduced interest in math and science among girls, as well as avoiding educational scenarios that are "typically feminine" (Coyne 2016). Young people may join a cause because it hits close to home. 1. In public-opinion polling, what is a random sample? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The family has a significant effect on political socialization, There is a gender gap in political views between men and women on issues such as affirmative action and government spending for social programs., The sample must be selected at random from a representative distribution of the population. peer groups virtually never succeed in mobilizing collective action in response to any issues O peer groups probably just reinforce the attitudes of family peer groups exercise substantial 3. This generation is more multicultural and has more tolerance for racial and ethnic difference than older cohorts. The agents that are responsible for political socialization, such as the family and the media, and the types of information and orientations they convey will be discussed. Alongside this prevalence of princesses, many parents are expressing concern about the culture of princesses that Disney has created. It is the change made by the supreme legislative body in Constitution. Socialization is largely a one-way process through which young people gain an understanding of the political world through their interaction with adults and the media. Political learning and socialization experiences can differ vastly for people depending on the groups with which they associate, such as those based on gender and racial and ethnic background. The press provides insights into the workings of government by showcasing political leaders in action, such as gavel-to-gavel coverage of Congress on C-SPAN. For example, poor families usually emphasize obedience and conformity when raising their children, while wealthy families emphasize judgment and creativity (National Opinion Research Center 2008). Schools also socialize children by teaching them about citizenship and national pride. Langton, K. P., Political Socialization (New York: Oxford, 1969). A Group Socialization Theory of Development, Psychological Review 102, no. Sociologists recognize that race, social class, religion, and other societal factors play an important role in socialization. Polls are carefully designed and results are analyzed by statisticians and social scientists. For instance, it held Korea as a colony between 1910 and 1945. The media pays more attention to candidates who poll well during early primaries. Reserved powers are those that are exclusive to the states, such as ratifying amendments. Sapiro, V., The Political Integration of Women (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983). As in the case of families, the influence of peer groups is mitigated by the fact that politics is not a high priority for most of them. People develop attitudes toward the political system through the socialization process. Wealthy parents tend to have better educations and often work in managerial positions or careers that require creative problem solving, so they teach their children behaviors that are beneficial in these positions. Some scholars consider the school, rather than the family, to be the most influential agent of political socialization (Hess & Torney, 1967). What is true regarding socialization, the attitudes about political issues, and underlying political values? Steckenrider, J. S. and Neal E. Cutler, Aging and Adult Political Socialization, in Political Learning in Adulthood, ed. Thus, option (A) is correct. What is the theory of delegate representation? Schools can stimulate political learning through formal classroom instruction via civics and history classes, the enactment of ceremonies and rituals such as the flag salute, and extracurricular activities such as student government. Public opinion remains constant regardless of variables. Political socialization is the process by which people learn about their government and acquire the beliefs, attitudes, values, and behaviors associated with good citizenship. Sapiro, V., Women in American Society (New York: Mayfair Publishing, 2002). Opinion polls have the greatest measured effect for which of the following? Much political socialization in the United States passes on norms, customs, beliefs, and values supportive of democracy from one generation to the next. The beliefs people acquire early in life are unlikely to change dramatically as they grow older. Wealthier people may have more resources for participating in politics, such as money and connections, than poorer people. Saphir, M. N. and Steven H. Chaffee, Adolescents Contribution to Family Communication Patterns, Human Communication Research 28, no. Students are not in school only to study math, reading, science, and other subjectsthe manifest function of this system. in order to win the presidential election in 1932, franklin delano roosevelt had to, what position did both the Democrats and Whigs support in the 1852 presidential election? There are limitations on the effectiveness of the family as an agent of political learning and socialization. Lyons, P., Class of 66 (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994). Online polls cannot detect whether a person with multiple email accounts answers the same poll multiple times. Most often older members of society teach younger members the rules and norms of political life. C. repeal of the Fugitive Slave Act For example, they show the child how to use objects (such as clothes, computers, eating utensils, books, bikes); how to relate to others (some as family, others as friends, still others as strangers or teachers or neighbors); and how the world works (what is real and what is imagined). As children grow into teenagers, this process continues. Which of the following describes the U.S. political spectrum? Public opinion can be swayed by the media paying more attention to candidates who poll well during the fall and the first few primaries, a strategy known as the _________. The media brings attention to candidates lagging in the polls. O peers often influence each other politically when it comes to issues of broad national importance (e.g., the national debt, social security reform, etc.) Read the information under the subhead "GDP Gap." 16. Family and friends b. https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-3e/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-3e/pages/5-3-agents-of-socialization, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Evaluate the roles of families and peer groups in socialization, Describe how people are socialized through institutions like schools, workplaces, and the government. (1 point) Select one: a. Middle-childhood (elementary school) friendships are largely segregated by sex and age, as groups of boys and girls will engage in social activities such as eating together in the lunchroom or going to the mall. The hidden curriculum prepares children for the adult world. Niemi, R. G. and Mary A. Hepburn, The Rebirth of Political Socialization, Perspectives on Political Science, 24 (1995): 716. School and religion c. The media d. All of the above . Family members, teachers, religious leaders, and peers all play roles in a person's socialization. race Since the advent of television, mass media have become prominent socialization agents. A famous study of women students who attended Bennington College during the Great Depression of the 1930s illustrates how the college experience can create long-lasting political attitudes. B. a ban on the expansi -Underlying values are formed through political socialization. What is the first political event you were aware of? Which is a public policy that requires the government to balance the rights and liberties of the people? Levels of confidence and trust in government immediately declined (pp. Miles, A. D., A Multidimensional Approach to Distinguishing between the Most and Least Politically Engaged Senior Citizens, Using Socialization and Participation Variables (PhD diss., Georgetown University, 1997). Want to create or adapt books like this? All of the following are true regarding how university education influences political socialization EXCEPT: . As children mature, they become increasingly sophisticated in their perceptions about their place in the political world and their potential for involvement: they learn to relate abstract concepts that they read about in textbooks like this one to real-world actions, and they start to associate the requirements of democracy and majority rule with the need to vote when they reach the age of twenty-one. citation tool such as, Authors: Tonja R. Conerly, Kathleen Holmes, Asha Lal Tamang. ScholarOn, 10685-B Hazelhurst Dr. # 25977, Houston, TX 77043,USA. The process of political socialization begins in childhood and continues throughout one's lifetime. Generation Xers, born between 1965 and 1980, came of age during a period without a major war or economic hardship. Sociologists describe this aspect of schools as the hidden curriculum, the informal teaching done by schools.
Venta Maltipoo Puerto Rico,
Juno In Partners 12th House Synastry,
Mikhaila Peterson Husband Stalin,
Southwest Boeing 737 Max 8 Seat Map,
Jesse Pinkman Andrea Cantillo,
Articles W
which of the following is true regarding political socialization?